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METHOD OP AND APPARATUS PORV ABRATING BEVBRAGES.

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No. Ll 645. Patented June '7, 1892.

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W. BUCKS. METHOD 0F AND APPARATUS POR ABRATING BBVERAGES.

No. 476,645. Patented June 7, 1892.

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vWILLIAM IVIUCKS, OF LONDON, ENGLAND.

M ETHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR AERATING yvEiEVEFiAGES..

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 476,645, dated June '7, 1892.

Application filed August 6, 1891.

To all whom t may concern.-

Be it known that I, WILLIAM HUcKs, engineer, a subject ofthe Queen of Great Britain and Ireland, and a resident of 22 Oval Road, Camden Town, London, in the county of Middlesex, England, have invented a Method of and Apparatus for Aeratin g Beverages for Immediate Consumptiomof which the following is a specification.

The object of my invention is to provide means by which liquids of any kind-such as water, wine, beer,or the like-can be aerated in glasses or like receptacles (but I will refer to them as glasses in convenient quantity for immediate consumption.

According to my invention I provide a container or holder in which the glass containing the liquid to be aerated is placed so that the edge of the glass can be forced against a seating to close it while the gas for aeration is admitted, and into which container or holder iiuid under pressure corresponding to that to which the inside of the glass is subjected may be admitted to facilitate the making of a tight closure of the glass. ably provide an elastic envelope in the said container, into which envelope the glass is placed, the iiuid under pressure being admit ted into the space in the container outside the elastic envelope. I also provide means whereby gas under pressure can be passed into the liquid in the glass so closed,the said means preferably consisting of a ram or displacer, which is employed to displace the liquid in the glass, so that if not already full it is caused to rise to or nearly to the edge of the glass. The edge ofthe glass is then forced tightly against the seating to close it. The gas is then passed into the liquor in the glass to aerate it. In order to enable the parts to be easily operated, I may provide means whereby the fluid under pressure is caused to act as a counter-balance on each side of the moving parts.

The general nature of the invention will be understood most readily if I first describe a simple form of the apparatus, after which I will describe the form of the apparatus which I consider best for practical use.

Figures 1 and 2 are vertical sections of the upper and lower parts of the simple form of apparatus which I will first describe, Fig. l

I prefer# presenting the parts in the position before they are brought into action for effecting the aeration, and Fig. 2 showing the parts in the position into which they are brought for effecting aeration. Fig. 3 is a front elevation partly in section; Fig. 4, a vertical section as seen at right angles to Fig. 3; and Fig. 5 isa plan of the body part of the preferred practical form of the apparatus as hereinafter described. Fig. 6 represents the valvular arrangement hereinafter described, drawn to a larger scale. Fig. GfL shows an arrangement for closing certain valves.

vReferring first to Figs. l and 2, A represents a glass placed inside an envelope B of india-rubber or other suitable elastic material, attached to the metal cup C, being pinched against the said cup by the screwed-down ring c.

c2 is a space between the outside of the envelope B and the inside of the cup C, which space communicates by the pipe D with the gland-box E, supplied by the pipe F (furnished with a stop-cock f) with water under pressure sufficient to fill the annular space c2. The cup C is raised or lowered by the wheel G, which is secured to the screw-nut C, mounted so as to be capable of rotating in the bracket g2, so that when the wheel G is rotated it actuates the pipe or stein D of the cup C by reason of the nut g engaging with the screw in the pipe or stem D. By this means the cup C can be brought up into position under the ram or displacer Il and sufficient pressure be exerted to form a tight closure of the mouth of the glass A by the rim thereof bearing against the elastic seating 7i. The ram or displacer H is actuated in a similar manner to thecup O by means of the wheel h', secured to the screw-nuthz, mounted so as to be capable of rotating in the bracket h3, the said nut h2 engaging with the screw formed on the outside of the ram H. This ram H passes through a gland hi, carried by the bracket h5, and is fitted with a tube J, which passes through a gland K and is extended into the gland-box L, furnished with a pipe M and stop-cock m, by which the gas is admitted for the purpose of aerating.

To aerate anyliquid required for consumption, the glass A should bc about half-filled with the liquid to be aerated. The mouth of ICO 'zal

the glass is then held near to the seating 7i and the ram or displacer H lowered into the said glass until the liquid therein is raised to the level of the rim of the glass, the airin the glass meanwhile escaping between the rim of the glass and the packing Zz. Having so adjusted the displacer H, the glass containing the liquid is inserted into the envelopeB and the cup C is raised by means of the handwrheel G, so as to force the rim of the glass and also the edge c3 ot' the ring c tightly against the seating 7L. The stop-cock f is then opened to allow the pressure of the fluid admitted thereby to force the rubber envelope B round the glass at every point. The stop-cool; f is then closed and the tube J is depressed (bya lever or other suitable means) to or near to the bottom of the glass. The stop-cock m is then open ed, and then the gas will pass through the tube J, making its exit through the small holes at the pointy'. The ram His then gradually raised,and this will cause the gas which is entering at the point j to pass through the liquid. After the ram H has been raised to its full extent the pipe J is raised out of the liquid nearly to the top of the gland-box L, and the `ram or displacer is lowered again,so that the gas is forced out of the glass by the pipe J back to the stop-coclt m. he stopcock m is then shui, the cup Gis lowered, and the glass is removed,when the contents ot' the glass will be found to be aerated.

By this apparatus I can till a glass with aerated liquid from a reservoir. I can construct this reservoir of glass and enable it to withstand the pressure of the gas by surrounding it with Huid under pressure, as described with reference to the glass A. The ram or displacer H by removing the air from the glass will prevent frothing when drawing aerated liquid from a reservoir.

I will now proceed to describe the apparatus shown in Figs. 3, 4, 5, 6, and GQ.

As in Figs. l and 2, A represents the glass placed inside an envelope l5, of india-rubber or any other suitable material, attached to the metal cup C, leaving the space c2 between the outside of the rubber envelope B and the inside of the cup C, this space communicating by the pipe D with the gland -box E, which is furnished with a pipe F, connected with the gas-chamber L. lhe cup C in this arrangement, instead of being actuated by a screw, is actuated by a pedal attachment to the lever N, allowing the cup and pipe D to be raised and lowered sufficiently to introduce the glass A into the indiarubber envelope B and bring the glass with its mouth seated against the india-rubber ring ZL.

L is a chamber supplied through the inlet M with gas at a suitable pressure, the said gas iilling the upper portion of the vessel L to the water-line w. The bottom of this chamber L is fitted with a double valve Zand Z2, the inner valve Z2 havinga spindle extending to the cap of the tube L2, carrying the valve Z and working over a tube L3, secured to the casting forming the bottom of the chamber L. lVhen the valve Z2 is raised, it opens communication for gas from the chamber L through the perforations Z3 into-the interior of the tubes L2 and L3, and thence by the passage p2 and back-pressure valve p through the passage p4 into the glass A. These and other details are shown more clearly in the larger scale drawing Fig. 6. lVhen the mouth of the glass A is forced into position against the ring 7L, the projection Q from the cup C then presses on the spindle ZA1 to raise it and open the valve Z2. The outer valve Z is for opening and closing communication between the chamber L and the passage R,which leads by the passage s into the chamber S and also communicates with the pipe F. When the arm Q raises the valve Z2,the valve Z is also raised by reason of the spindle of the valve Z2 raising the tube L2 over the tube L3, the gas above the water-line w then passing, as aforesaid, from the gas-chamber L through the perforations Z3 down the tubes L2 and L3, through the valve Z2 and passage p2, valve p, and passage p4 into the glass A, the water from L flowing through the valve C and passage R into the chamber S and by the passages s2 into the hollow displacer H, so as to raise the pressure therein to the same pressure as that of the gas above the water-line lw in the chamberLand effecting a counter-balance between the working parts of the apparatus. The arm Q also acts on the spindle of the valve q, so as to close it, which will permit the water iu L to communicate a like pressure to the water in the pipe F, this pressure passing by the box E and pipe D and forcing the cup C with further pressure against the seating ZL, and owin g to the movable joint c3 of the cup formed with the hydraulic ring, as shown, the cup C will also be raised in its bottom part, and its top edge at c4, furnished with an elastic seating, will be closed against the projecting rim si to further insure a tight closure, and thus it will be seen that when the glass A and cup C are raised, as described, there will be a hydraulic pressure outside the glass A equal to the gas-pressure inside the glass, and there will also be a like hydraulic pressure in the chamber S. The displacer H is capable of longitudinal movement in the chamber S. h6 is a hydraulic gland therefor. The displacer H is fitted with a fine perforated end Il, similar to a garden-syringe, and is actuated by the hollow rod H4, passing through a gland in the cover of the chamber S and connected by the cross-head U to the tube or rod U5, which slides in the standard U1 as a guide.

H3 is a plunger capable of sliding in the displacer H, the said plunger being operated by the tubular rod H4, passing through the tube H2 and connected to the cross-head U and communicating with the passage u thercin. The cross-head U is also connected with the tubular guide U2, sliding through a gland in the standard U3. The rod H4 can be drawn IOO IOS

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up through the rod H2 by a lever or other suitable arrangement, and it will then cause the piston H3 to draw and force the liquid and gas through and from the perforated bottom H5 of the displacer H.

The piston H3 is provided with two valves :c and y. The valve ce, when opened by the downward movement of the piston, will allow gas to pass up the hollow rod H4 through the passage il. in the cross-head U, down the hollow guide-rod U2 into the tubular standard U3, and by a passage at u2 in the cover, as shown by dotted lines in Fig. and by an oritice or pipe back into the chamber L. The valve y is dish shape and so light that the moment it is pressed upon by the liquid in the glass it will rise and close against its seat, preventing the flow of liquid into the hollow rod H4. It, however, any liquid should pass, it will be forced into the hollow standard U3 and can be drawn oif from time to time by the screw valve its, Fig. 3.

The rods H2 and H"l can be actuated together or separately by the connecting-rods z, attached to the cross-heads U and U', so that the displacer I-I and piston H3 may be moved up and down together or separately inside the chamber S.

The machine is prepared for use by filling the vessel S with water through a suitable inlet, the annular space c'2 in the cup C being also filled with liquid by the tube F; also the chamber L will be tilled with water to the dotted line w. rlhe liquid supply to all these may be obtained from any suitable reservoir by the pipe Z. The chamber L will then be coupled by the inlet IWI to a suitable storage of the compressed gas to be used for aerating. The cup C will in starting the apparatus be a sufficient distance from the seating h to permit the glass A to be introduced into the envelope B.

To aerate the liquid contained in the glass, which should be about half-full, the glass is iirst held with its mouth near to the ring h, and the plunger II and piston H3 are then brought down together by means of the connecting-rods z into the liquid in the glass suficiently to raise the liquid to the brim of the glass. The glass with the liquid therein is then placed in the envelope B and the pedal is operated to raise the cup C, so as to bring the rim of the glass against the ring 7i, also forming a joint with the cup C,and the chamber S by the lower rim s3 of the latter bearing against the rubber at c4. The action of raising cup C will cause the arm Q to open the valves Z and Z2, at the same time closing the valve q. rhus an equilibrium of pressure will be established inside and outside the glass A, and also the pressure in the chamber S will be the same as that in the vessel L. Consequently the displacer H and piston H3 can be actuated without any force beyond the friction of the moving parts. The piston H3 is now raised sufficiently to draw all the liquid out of the glass A into the displacer H,

and then the displacer and piston are together raised, lifting the liquid suihciently high to allow of the gas entering by the passage pl to pass through the liquid drawn up into the displacer H, and the surplus gas thus drawn up may be forced out through the valves a: and 'y up the hollow rod H4, and so pass to the chamber L as before described. This operation may be repeated any number of times necessary to pass sufficient gas through the liquid to properly aerate it.

In order to expel all the gas not taken up by the liquid, the displacer His returned to the original position when liquid was displaced in the glass A. rThe piston H3 is then lowered toward the perforated bottom H5 of the displacer II, and any gas above theliquid will be forced through the valves .t and g/into the hollow rod H4 through the cross-head U, traversing the passage u, the hollow guide-rod U2, and standard U3 and returning by the passage u2 into the chamber L.

I claim as my inventionl. The method of aeratingliquids for imme diate consumption in glasses, consisting in partially filling the glass with the liquid to be aerated, raising the level of the liquid in the glass by means of ahollow displacer, closing the glass air-tight, and forcing the gas through the displaeer into the liquid while removing the displacer from the glass.

2. In an apparatus for aeratingliquids, the combination of an elastic receptacle for the glass for the liquid to be aerated with a cup surrounding the elastic receptacle, to which liuid under pressure is admitted, and means for closing the glass while the liquid is being aerated, substantially as set forth.

3. In an apparatus for aeratingliquids, the combination of a receptacle for the glass with a ram or displacer for expelling air from the glass and means for closing the glass, all substantially as set forth.

4. In an apparatus for aerating liquids, the combination of a receptacle for the glass for the liquid and means for closing the glass with a displacer having a longitudinal movement to displace the liquid in the container and a gasinlet, all substantially as set forth.

5. In an apparatus f oraerating liquids, the combination of a glass for the liquid and means for closing the same with two chambers L and S, a valved passage connecting the two chambers, a displacer for the liquid in the container, moving in the chamber S, and a valved passage leading from the chamber L to the glass, all substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

6. In an apparatus for aerating liquids, the combination of a glass for the liquid and means for supporting and closing the glass with a hollow ram or displacer having a perforated bottom and a gasainlet, all substantially as set forth.

7. In an apparatus for aerating liquids, the combination of a glass for the liquid and means for supporting and closing the same,

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with a hollow ram or displacer having a perforated bottom and a valved piston capable of longitudinal movement in the displacer, all substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

l S. In an apparatus for aerating liquids, the combination of an elastic receptacle for the glass, a chamber surrounding the elastic receptacle, and means for admitting uid under pressure to the said vessel with a hollow displacer and an inlet-passage provided With a cock to admit gas to the glass, al1 substantially as set forth.

9. In an apparatus for aeratingliquids, the combination of an elastic receptacle for a glass and a vessel surrounding the elastic recepta- WILLIAM HUCKS. lVitnesses:

WILLIAM F. UPToN, 47 Lz'nvcolns Lm Fields, London', l/V. O'.

A. C. HoGG, 9 Birch/1i Lane, E. O. 

